Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Page 7 Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 13 Page 14 Page 15 Page 16 Page 17 Page 18 Page 19 Page 20 Page 21 Page 224 What is Solar P.V. Module Lamination? Solar P.V. Module = Solar Panels Whilst this may be fairly obvious to many readers involved in module production, we aim to help everyone understand the extreme demands and standards of this industry. Solar modules need to be able to withstand outdoor exposure in all types of climate for periods of 25 years and more. Solar modules need to convert sunlight to electricity at an acceptable cost throughout their lifetime. One key factor in guaranteeing solar module performance and indeed longevity is the lamination process responsible for making them. This process encapsulates solar cells inbetween a number of substrate layers including top and bottom protective layers. These layers are known as a “lay-up” and this methodology has been successfully employed for over 20 years. One of the most common module lay-ups is tempered glass as the transparent top layer; followed by a layer of encapsulant; the interconnected solar cells; another layer of encapsulant and finally a layer of U.V. stable film as the bottom layer. The encapsulant is traditionally made from Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (E.V.A.). There have been many improvements made to this bonding material due to the very aggressive outgassing created as a bi-product of the continual lamination process.